Avian Influenza Essay Example

Avian Influenza Essay Example Avian Influenza Paper Avian Influenza Paper Article Topic: The Wild Duck Avian Influenza Presentation Winged creature influenza as a rule starts with inconvenience of lower respiratory ways and in unordinary casesfrom upper respiratory aviation routes. Raised viral titer is detached from pharynx however not from nose. Beginning manifestations of the H5N1 flu are: high evaluation fever, gentle cold, hack and brevity of breath. For all intents and purposes all patients create viral pneumonia confusing to optional bacterial contamination, gentle to extreme respiratory misery, looseness of the bowels, spewing and stomach torment. Conjunctivitis is element. At times gastrointestinal turmoil grows sooner than respiratory indications. Avian flu infections are shed in respiratory emissions and defecation of winged animals. Contaminated ducks, for instance, shed infection for in any event 30 days. Flu infection from the excrement of waterfowl can be recuperated from surface water. Avian species create contamination that ranges from asymptomatic to deadly. Avian flu has caused significant flare-ups in poultry ranches.  Influenza infection can experience hereditary changes in hemagglutinin or neuraminidase (antigens on the outside of the infection) that can prompt plagues. Substantially less ordinarily, a totally new hemagglutinin or neuraminidase rises with the new hereditary material originating from creatures. This hereditary move normally prompts pandemics. Early sequence: 1929 Last proof (serologic) of dissemination in people of a pig like flu infection 1930 Isolation of a flu infection from pig 1933 First disconnection of a flu infection from people Until 1995, just three of the 15 flu hemagglutinins that had been distinguished were known to cause contaminations in people. Flying creatures have each of the 15 recognized hemagglutinins and nine neuraminidases. New flu infections frequently rise up out of southern China, a district portrayed by an enormous, thickly settled human populace and rich pigs and ducks living in nearness to people. Until occasions in Hong Kong in 1997, researchers felt that avian flu represented no immediate danger to people. In 1997, in the wake of causing flu flare-ups on chicken homesteads, avian flu (H5N1) spread to people (Claas et al. 1998). Eighteen human cases were affirmed, six of them lethal. Disease was moved in youngsters and youthful grown-ups, not at all like the example in many episodes where dreariness and demise are generally regular in more seasoned grown-ups. The infection recouped from people was indistinguishable from that found in fowls (Subbarao et al. 1998). Epidemiological examinations proposed that there had been numerous autonomous presentations of the flu infection into the human populace from flying creatures, yet that extremely constrained individual to-individual spread happened. At the hour of the human cases, there were evaluated to be 300â€600 live feathered creature advertises in Hong Kong, where blending of various avian species (ducks, chickens, fowls, pi geons, wild flying creatures) was conceivable. At the point when the Hong Kong live feathered creature markets were examined, 10% or a greater amount of winged animals were seen as shedding H5N1, in various avian species (geese, chickens, ducks). The feathered creatures (more than one million) were executed, and no extra human instances of H5N1 have been recorded. In 1999, human contamination with H9N2, another avian flu strain boundless in Asia, was additionally archived without precedent for people, during a period of upgraded observation (Peiris et al. 1999). The occasions in Hong Kong have prompted increased worldwide reconnaissance for flu in people and creatures. There was motivation to be worried about the occasions in Hong Kong, a thickly populated city with broad connects to the remainder of the world. In 1993, there were an expected 41.4 million traveler developments (pontoon, train, vehicle, plane) and from Hong Kong. The flu infections that harrow people are isolated into three sorts: A, B, and C. Flu An is answerable for the plagues and taints man as well as pigs, ponies, seals, and an enormous assortment of winged creatures. In fact, flu A has been disengaged worldwide from both household and wild winged creatures, basically waterbirds including ducks, geese, terns, and gulls and tamed fowls, for example, turkeys, chickens, quail, birds, geese, and ducks. Investigations of wild ducks in Canada from 1975 to 1994 demonstrated that up to 20 percent of the adolescents were tainted, and fecal examples from their lakeshore natural surroundings contained the infection. These fowls generally shed the infection from five to seven days (with a limit of thirty days) in the wake of getting tainted despite the fact that they give no indication of the malady. Clearly, this infection and its hosts have adjusted commonly over numerous hundreds of years and made a repository that guarantees propagation of the i nfection. Duck infection has been involved in flare-ups of flu in creatures, for example, seals, whales, pigs, ponies, and turkeys. Broad examination of the viruss hereditary structure, or nucleic corrosive groupings, bolsters the theories that mammalian flu infections, including those tainting man, may well begin in amphibian winged animals. (Suarez DL, Spackman E, Senne DA, 2003) Subtypes of flu A, the different strains of these avian infections can be named either exceptionally pathogenic or starting at low pathogenicity, in view of their hereditary highlights and the seriousness of ailment they cause in winged creatures. There are right now 27 potential types of the three subtypes of avian flu infections separated by varieties in the neuraminidase surface antigen. In this manner, H5, H7, and H9 avian flu infections, so named for their hemagglutinin surface antigen, can each be coordinated with nine potential neuraminidase surface antigens, N1, N2, N3, and so forth. In this way, there could be H5N1 through H5N9, H7N1 through H7N9, and H9N1 through H9N9 strains. H9 infections give off an impression of being of low pathogenicity, while H5 and H7 infections can be profoundly pathogenic for winged animals. Be that as it may, low pathogenic types of these infections appear to be the reason for most episodes among poultry causing just gentle or subtle ailment and low death rates. In any case, both H5 and H7 can grow elevated levels of pathogenicity in which case death rates in poultry runs can arrive at 100%. The common history of avian flu infections is described by spread through contaminated nasal, respiratory and fecal material, and a supply state in solid flying creatures. (Pascal James Imperato, 2005) www.springerlink.com/file/H6427776HH34G857.pdf Pathogenesis The pathogenesis of avian flu A (H5N1) infection in people has not been obviously clarified. Apoptosis may likewise have an imperative influence. Apoptosis has been seen in alveolar epithelial cells, which is the significant objective cell type for the viral replication. Numerous apoptotic leukocytes were seen in the lungs of patients who passed on day 6 of sickness. Apoptosis may assume a significant job in the pathogenesis of flu (H5N1) infection in people by wrecking alveolar epithelial cells. This pathogenesis causes pneumonia and devastates leukocytes, prompting leucopenia, which is an exceptional clinical element of flu (H5N1) infection in people. Regardless of whether watched apoptotic cells were a straightforwardly identified with viral replication or result of an over actuation of the insusceptible framework needs further investigations. (Uiprasertkul M, 2007) www.cdc.gov/EID/content/13/5/708.htm Contaminated winged animals were the significant wellspring of the H5N1 flu infection among people in Asia. For the most part people got tainted by eating contaminated flying creatures, by poor cleanliness systems when cooking contaminated winged animals, or by close contact with tainted poultry. (Reina J, 2002). Certain winged animals, especially water flying creatures, go about as hosts for flu infections via conveying the infection in their digestive organs and shedding it. Tainted flying creatures shed infection in spit, nasal emissions, and excrement. Helpless flying creatures can get tainted with avian flu infection when they have contact with defiled nasal, respiratory, or fecal material from contaminated winged animals. Fecal-to-oral transmission is the most widely recognized method of spread among feathered creatures. Frequently, the wild winged creatures that are the hosts for the infection don't become ill, however they can spread flu to different fowls. (CDC, 2006) www.cd c.gov/influenza/avian/gen-information/spread.htm At present spread of the H5N1 flu from human to human via air conceived course has not been enlisted, yet suffering checking for distinguishing proof change and adjustment of H5N1 flu infection to human is required. Most examinations acted in avian viral strains clarifies that harmfulness is a polygenic marvel. Notwithstanding, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase and the qualities systematizing these substances (qualities 4 and 6) assume an indispensable job in viral pathogenesis. (Gu J, Xie Z, Gao Z, Liu J, Korteweg C, Ye J, Lau LT, Lu J, Gao Z, Zhang B, McNutt MA, Lu M, Anderson VM, Gong E, Yu AC, Lipkin WI, 2007). Avian strains can be delegated harmful or avirulent as per the ability of hemagglutinin to be activated by endoproteases of the respiratory tract only or by proteases from different tissues. This capacity depends on the regularly going changes that lead to the replacement of the ordinary amino acids at the purpose of hemagglutinin hydrolysis by the other fundamental amino ac ids that decide the intensification of the range of hydrolysis and actuation. Neuraminidase contributes in the securing of destructiveness through its capacity to join to plasminogen and by heightening the centralization of actuating proteases. Adjustment to the host, by acknowledgment of the cell receptor, is an extra factor deciding the harmfulness and interspecies spread of avian strains. (Reina J, 2002) Transmission to warm blooded animals Flu An infections from oceanic winged creatures develop ineffectively in human cells, and the other way around. In any case, both avian and human flu infections can repeat in pigs. We have realized that pigs are defenseless to flu infections that taint man since the time the veterinarian J. S. Koen first watched pigs with flu side effects intently taking after those of people. Review trial of human blood show that the pig infection segregated by Shope in 1928 was like the human

Global warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

An unnatural weather change - Research Paper Example All these have added to expanded creation which undermines nature. In an examination discharged by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (as qtd. in Kim et al. 64), researchers are one in saying that the world must make a move to decrease ozone harming substance emanations however accomplishing this will cost a great deal for the worldwide economy. The assessed cost will be around 500 to 550 sections for every million (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2) which, when changed over to the worldwide GDP, is roughly 5%. The IPCC assessed that by 2050, the worldwide alleviation toward adjustment is â€Å"between 1% gain and 5.5% reduction of worldwide GDP† (qtd. in Kim et al. 64). Globalization has negative impacts. Normalization and adjustment bring about the decision of incalculable items. Markets are incorporated and extended. The outcome is a bound together range of commercialization, various items attacking stores and retailers that are seeking the best. The world needs to make a green situation, a climate liberated from the contaminations to control ocean temperatures and ensure the biological system and the ozone layer. The world’s program of exercises has declined the diminish situation. We rely much upon petroleum derivative as 80% of vitality originates from non-renewable energy sources. Our reliance on petroleum product and coal as vitality source compounds the circumstance. This paper will concentrate on ozone depleting substance emanations (GHG) created by vehicles and immobile structures like plants and businesses as one of the reasons for an Earth-wide temperature boost. In the first place, definitions and ideas of a dangerous atmospheric devation are given and will be trailed by a conversation on gas outflows of vehicles and enterprises. Writing Review The Earth’s biological system, to incorporate the woodlands, fisheries, wetland and new water assets, are going to lose essentialness to human presence. A dangerous atmospheric devati on and environmental change must be given consideration by approach creators. Business and associations should concentrate on feasible and green condition. Air contaminations are expanding a result of our utilization of petroleum products for vitality, nonstop deforestration, and enterprises increment ozone depleting substances that produce the nursery impact. GHGs caught in the environment compound the nursery impact legitimately as they connect with radiation, yet backhanded impacts are delivered as synthetic changes and when gases are blended in with different gases. A gas can influence cloud developments and air forms that influence the radioactive equalization of the earth. Different gases like â€Å"carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and non-methane unstable natural mixes (NMVOCs), by implication influence land and additionally sun powered radiation retention, since they share in the arrangement of substances in the environment with an enviro nmental change impact† (Giuffre and Grana 67). Ideas on Global warming Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an ozone harming substance as it is discharged and remain gathered in the air. It establishes about 77% of the delivered worldwide ozone harming substance emanations. This focus in the environment makes an Earth-wide temperature boost, which thusly makes the ozone gap. The ozone opening is brought about by an unnatural weather change and not the reverse way around. Decreasing CO2 is the most ideal approach to lessen an unnatural weather change (qtd. in Reinfried et al. 156). Different gases that trap heat in the air incorporate methane (CH4),

Older Workers And Lifelong Learning Example

Older Workers And Lifelong Learning Example Older Workers And Lifelong Learning â€" Essay Example > Professional RequirementsCustomer inserts his/her answerCollegeOctober 14, 2011EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThis paper seeks to demystify the relationship between professional and vocational practice coupled with their requirements. In light of this, it will first synchronize the demands and contemporary requirements of either vocational or professional practice and further address the ways in which those requirements change. Demands and contemporary requirements of vocational/professional practiceThe term vocation (Dewey 1966) refers to the specified occupation practice an individual acquires through training either through formal or informal education. In light of this, vocation enables individuals meet their diverse basic and tertiary needs. For example, food, shelter, clothing and entertainment are just of the few necessities that vocation helps to mitigate. On the other hand, a profession (Brown 1992) is an academic oriented training experience that a person acquires in academic institut ions. It’s worth noting that vocations and professions are rather different in a way. Vocations are thought to be Godly given whereas professions are academically sought after. However, both the vocations and professions are characterized by demands and contemporary requirements that the perceived persons should apply in their vocational and professional practice. In this regard, the requirements continue to change with time and thus older workers primarily find themselves on the receiving end as they try to juggle between professional practice and education progression. For example, the rise of information communication technology in the modern society has perpetuated increased enrollment in tertiary institutions to effectively nourish their academic expertise with modern technology in efforts to keep in parallel with competition from others at bay in the professional environment. Lifelong learning refers to a situation whereby individuals are guided to work in a certain way as a result of continued experience on their job. For instance, the experiences of a medical practitioner in respect to a wide range of patients serve as critical avenues to propel his/her understanding of a particular phenomenon that he/she never learnt during his/her academic work. Academic expertise/highly developed skills and knowledge of the domainProfessionalism (Kizza 2010 p. 57) is the ability to use knowledge acquired through formal schooling and developed through long years of experience. In light of this, professional individuals are restricted by ethics and a wide range of requirements for one to be deemed a profession. First and foremost, the acquisition of knowledge commonly known as education is an ideal requirement in any profession. Education is essential as it serves as an integral tool for decision making involving a problem, situation or undertaking. Education is paramount in any given job discourse since it perpetuates development. In this regard, it plays a very significant role in the actualization of ideas and increases an individual’s reasoning ability. However, with progress in age, education slowly fades away thus creating ample room for older workers to engage in lifelong learning to boost their morale and scale down their dependency levels. Academic expertise is the primary objective of any human resource management panel selecting individuals for recruitment into the organization either public or private driven. It is for this reason that education merit is encouraged.

The Society of Egypt Essay - 1234 Words

The Society of Egypt Works Cited Not Included The cultural traditions, social behavior and practices of any society in history are inextricably linked to the weather and climate of its region. River mouths have always been popular settling spots, even dating back to the ancient civilizations; these water sources provided life, transportation, and basic survival for these communities. Cairo was founded below the delta on the Nile River in Egypt because of the existence of the Nile. Today, this region is hot and dry with the exception of the land directly bordering the Nile. The climate and current weather in Cairo have a substantial impact on everyday life and society in this region. Unfortunately, because of the harsh environment of†¦show more content†¦A typical day in Cairo is dry, hot, and sometimes cloudy or smoggy as well. Over fifteen million people live in Cairo currently, (www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/egypenv.html) relying almost entirely on the Nile for their water. The drying trend continues in this region and on ly exacerbates the already existing social and economic issues in the overcrowded city. The Nile runs northward through six countries before hitting the Mediterranean Sea. Forty-three substantial towns, 1,500 villages, and thirty-five major factories rely on the water of the Nile and add their waste to the river flow before the river even hits Cairo (www.hf-fak.uib.no/institutter/smi/paj/Myllyla.html). Because the water in the Nile has been so plentiful throughout history, the water is not nearly as polluted as one might think due to the amount of use and irresponsible dumping of chemicals and waste matter; however, as the drying trend in the climate of this region continues, the water level of the river is decreasing, thus leaving the river more affected by pollution and more vulnerable to overuse. Historically, Egypt has enjoyed exclusive water rights over the river in the Nile Water Agreement and there have been few disputes since the Nile has been able to provide amply for all those needing the water resource. However, in recent years, the countries using the river have begun toShow MoreRelatedAncient Egypt and Mondern Society981 Words   |  4 Pageswas that of Ancient Egypt. Their systems of religion and technological innovation helped not only to leave a permanent impression on the world, but also served to mold both the civilizations that directly followed it as well as society today. The Ancient Egyptian civilization spanned several thousand years and is one of the few societies of the time that came into being independently. â€Å"Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 B.C. with the unification of upper and lower Egypt under the first Pharaoh†Read MoreAncient Egypt And The Egyptian Society967 Words   |  4 PagesAncient Egypt Ancient Egypt was a captivating and intricate civilization. Over the years, historians have found it easier to study this civilization, rather than other historical civilizations, because the Egyptians went through great lengths to record their history. Besides being decent record keepers, they were very religious, and â€Å"ahead of their time,† due to their technological and economic breakthroughs. Because of the aspects of this culture, it has to be one of the greatest civilizations ofRead MoreReligion and Society of Ancient Egypt536 Words   |  2 PagesReligion and Society of Ancient Egypt The Old Kingdom is sometimes described as the â€Å"golden age† of Egypt, and as an ideal that the Middle Kingdom tried to emulate, while New Kingdom pharaohs looked to both earlier dynastic eras for inspiration. Menes The Old Kingdom, these are the roots of today’s Egypt. When Menes united upper and Lower Egypt, he became the first Pharaoh. The very first Dynasty had been created with Menes great success. Now, it is a known fact that it wasn’t known as theRead MoreAncient Egypts Effect on Modern Society975 Words   |  4 Pagespublic and Ancient Egypt. The museum is already a place of history and mystery and Ancient Egypt is one of the most mysterious ancient cultures. With so little known about these ancient people it only makes sense that the museum would be a good place to strengthen that feeling of mystery. Ever since the modern discovery of Ancient Egypt the public have been fascinated by the mystery left behind by these ancient people. The modern public is always interested in learning about Egypt. Weather that beRead MoreMesopotamian Society : Ancient Egypt And Greece1207 Words   |  5 Pages Civilizations like Egypt and Greece have received their due acknowledgment by society, it is however Mesopotamia that often does not get there just recognition for their contributions to civilization as we know it. In this paper, we will reflect on Mesopotamian society in hopes to illuminate its significance to the constructs of western society. In order to fully appreciate what Mesopotamia has contributed, it should be understood how exactly it was formed. Years before any dynasty, peopleRead MoreAncient Egypt And Ancient Egyptian Society2262 Words   |  10 Pageswell-known civilization. The country of Egypt is located along the Nile River Valley in the Northern part of Africa (Civilization: Ancient Egypt). From 3100 B.C. to 332 B.C., this ancient civilization was dominant in the Mediterranean world (History.com, 2009). Whether a person learned about the Egyptians in their Bible or read about them in their history class, there is no doubt that these people were the great nation of their time. â€Å"The people of ancient Egypt valued family life highly† (Okasha, 2012Read MoreEssay about Mamluk Society and Rule in Egypt and Syria1316 Words   |  6 Pagesestablished in Cairo in 1250 with the defeat of the Ayyubid dynasty and solidifying control of Egypt and Syria. The Mamluks were Turkic slave soldiers and had e xisted as regimental groups throughout the Ayyubid dynastic area, and were purchased as servants to the state and the overthrow of the Ayyubids by the Mamluks marks the supremacy of the the military slave state in the Islamic world. Mamluk society and rule was largely non-hereditary and presumably implemented to reduce factionalism but in actualityRead MoreThis week’s readings investigate the rise of Islamic opposition and civic society groups in Egypt,1000 Words   |  4 Pagesof Islamic opposition and civic society groups in Egypt, Turkey, and Algeria. In an overarching perspective, the readings contend that the failure of the post-colonial states in providing the public goods and services they were responsible for, as well as their use of Islamist groups in order to crush the leftist opposition, provided political structures of opportunity that the Islamic groups were able to exploit. In addition, the state hostility to civic society Islamic opposition groups, gave riseRe ad MoreCompare and COntarst1518 Words   |  7 Pages Egypt and Mesopotamia have both similarities and differences, throughout both of these civilizations from back to 3,500 B.C. The political and social structures in these civilizations were different and the same in their own way. The political differences between Egypt and Mesopotamia included hierarchy power, land control, and centralized government. The similarities between both civilizations are social class, male patriarchy, and kings. Egypt and Mesopotamia both had differences of their politicalRead MoreCharacteristics Of Ancient Egypt931 Words   |  4 PagesAncient egypt was a complex society/religion. It was a complex religion because it had all of the 7 indicators. Of course, a complex religion (like egypt) has to have important indicators such as well paying jobs, well organized government, social classes, and also trade to be complex. If it didn’t, it is not a complex religion. Every complex society needs a well organized government. In Egypt there are many important people. The person with the most power in egypt was the Pharaoh. The leader of

Utah Opera Symphony 2 - 3342 Words

In order to develop an action plan for Anne Ewers we need to analyze and understand the financial and leadership strengths and weaknesses of the Utah Symphony Organization (USO) and the Utah Opera Company (UOC). In order for the merger to be successful, Anne will need to create some successful strategies for managing each of these concepts. Utah Symphony Strengths The most impressive financial strength that USO has is their endowment. By the end of 2002, their endowment was considered higher than average and they were considered at the top end of a Group II Symphony when compared to other symphonies nationally. The Utah Symphony endowment was $10 million. Another financial strength was the projected growth in contributions and†¦show more content†¦They also have support from local and national organizations. As far as leadership goes, Anne has a lot of experience with the Opera. She has helped reduce their debt while increasing the budget. She grew it from $1.5 million to $5 million during her 11-year tenure. She has been responsible and very successful at increasing the fundraising income (including donations from outside the state. Even the projected contributions is expected to increase by $653,954). She has a reputation of being loyal, enthusiastic and very well capable. For example, she inherited a debt of $450,000 from her predecessor while in Boston. Not only did she retire that debt, but she also created an endowment fund and increased the number of productions from one to three. Overall projections are expected to increase by $374,843. Utah Opera Weaknesses Financially, the revenues for performances has continually declined. Even the projected sales has declined by $294,277. Government grants are 1/3 less that what the symphony gets and is also projected to decrease by $18,440. The UOC was not without their share of leadership weaknesses as well. Leslie Peterson resigned as the Director of Operations at the beginning of the merger proposal. Being the daughter of the founder, Glade Peterson, essentially gave a black eye about the merger from a public perspective. ThisShow MoreRelatedUtah Symphony and Utah Opera: a Merger Proposal Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesUtah Symphony and Utah Opera: A Merger Proposal The Utah Symphony (USO) and the Utah Opera (UOC) Merger was a union that was brought forth by the leadership committee at the USO in Salt Lake City. The proposal was an opportunity to strengthen a struggling symphony with a financially sound opera company. Although mergers between opera and symphony companies in the United States had been successfully in the past, the merging of a two major companies had yet to materialize (Delong Ager, 2005, pRead More Utah Symphony and Utah Opera Merger1413 Words   |  6 Pages1. Bill Bailey, chairman of the board of the Utah Opera Organization, could use McClelland’s need theory to support the merger with the Utah symphony based on the three principles that are entailed in the theory; need for achievement, need for affiliation, and need for power (Kreitner Kinicki, 2010, p. 215). Firstly, the need for achievement is met by understanding that people strive to master difficult situations, endeavors or challenges. This idea works on both an organizational level, asRead MoreJft2 Task 21452 Words   |  6 PagesJFT2 Task 2 Detailed Guidance The key to doing well on this task is detail. Several sections require that you analyze information. This requires that you read carefully, think deeply and show your insight that you gained from the information provided in the case study. A1. Utah Symphony Strengths and Weaknesses When picking out the strengths and weaknesses of symphony there isn ¿t a list to which you can refer. Rather, you will want to read the case study carefully and to use your insight toRead MoreRjft Task 24141 Words   |  17 PagesRJFT Task 2 A1: Utah Symphony Strengths and Weaknesses Financial Strengths ï‚ · Total endowment in 2001-2002 was $10million, at the high-end of all Group II orchestra’s ($8.8million) (Delong, 2005). ï‚ · Total revenue and contributions are increasing from FY 2000 ($12.398 million) to FY 2001 ($13.763 million) by $1.365 million. This is primarily led by a $680k increase in performance revenues (driven by increased ticket prices) and $620k increase in contributions (from individuals, corporations, andRead MoreOrganizational Management26375 Words   |  106 Pagesthe â€Å"Utah Symphony and Utah Opera: A Merger Proposal† case study. You will develop a proposed action plan for the new leader, Anne Ewers, to help her in the development of a new strategy to measure the success of the ongoing merger process. The strategic goals for the first year of the merger include the following: †¢ Integrate the business processes of the two companies †¢ Reduce overall expenses as a percentage to profit †¢ Retain key employees †¢ Maintain audience base for both the Utah OperaRead MoreWgu Jdt2 Task 24523 Words   |  19 PagesOrganizational Management Task 2 Western Governors University JFT2 Organizational Management Task 2 A1. Utah Symphony Strengths and Weaknesses The Utah Symphony has been a leading arts organization in the western part of the United States for decades. They have a rich, long history. Many strengths have contributed to this success and continue to do today. Financially, the organization is able to raise money through various means. For the fiscal year 00-01, the symphony was able to raise $3.8Read MoreJft Task 2 Essay5040 Words   |  21 PagesUtah Symphony Analysis Financial Strengths: The Utah Symphony received approximately 5% of its incoming from their endowment fund annually. The organization raised $3,829 in revenue from rental fees, sets, props, costumes, box office, etc. However, the symphony believes that the fundraising contributions are sufficient enough currently to allow ticket prices to remain the same as the prior year is successful. The up side is that there was a $116,308 in surplus at the end of the year. Utah SymphonyRead MoreRjft Organizational Management Task 23102 Words   |  13 PagesManagement RJFT2 Task 2 A1. The Utah Symphony was recognized as a Group II orchestra. Group I and Group II are distinguished by the endowment amount and level of annual expenditures. For the year of 2001-2002, the average endowment for Group I orchestras was around $76 million and $8.8 million for Group II orchestras. The Utah Symphony came in just shy of $12.2 million in 2000-2001 and was projected to be upwards of $13.7 million for 2001-2002. That being said, the Utah Symphony was considered toRead MoreOrganizational Management Task 22461 Words   |  10 PagesOrganizational Management Task 2 A1. The Utah Symphony and the Utah Opera have combined into one company. Anne Ewers is the new leader of the combined companies. This paper will help her in the development of a new strategy to look at the success of the merge. The Utah Symphony is a group II orchestra. This is based on the level of expenditures every year. In the year of 2001-2002 the average expenses were around 8.8 million for group II orchestras. The Symphony spend around $12.2 millionRead MoreEssay on Utah Symphony and Utah Opera: a Merger Proposal Case Study8795 Words   |  36 PagesUtah Symphony and Utah Opera: A Merger Proposal Case Study William Bailey As Chairman of the Board of the Utah Opera, William Bailey has a pivotal role in the Utah Symphony and Utah Opera merger proposal. Mr. Bailey seemed to understand the financial and operational differences of the two organizations. As he stated, â€Å"the opera had a reserve fund and was financially stable and because of the business model could be flexible and adjust the size of the opera or eliminate projects that had not reached

Soil and Water Free Essays

When I was researching for this essay explaining what soil and water conservation means to me, I found two quotes that really stuck out to me. One written by Franklin D. Roosevelt stated, â€Å"A nation that destroys its soils destroys itself. We will write a custom essay sample on Soil and Water or any similar topic only for you Order Now Forests are the lungs of our land, purifying the air and giving fresh strength to our people. †, and another that was written by an unknown author read, â€Å"Water is life’s mater and matrix, mother and medium. There is no life without water. † I am not sure about you, but I love the life I live. Where would we be without soil and water? We wouldn’t be that’s the thing. Many people could care less about saving our soil and water, but they do not understand that soil is the base to everything, and water is a mixture that is inside everything, even you. An average adult human body is composed of about 55 to 65 percent water, and soil is in fact both the direct and indirect form of food. It is the base of every living thing; soil has everything depending on it. Think about it, you eat steak that comes out of a pasture right? Well, that cow gets its nutrients from grass, feed, and water. That grass and feed gets its nutrients from the soil, which has to be watered to grow that grass and feed. Until the last couple months the state of Texas has been in a severe drought since 2005. In 2006, farmers in south Texas lost an amazing amount of 87% of their crops losing about 34. 3 million dollars. That damaged those people’s wallets, especially if they were commercial farmers raising crops to sell to big industries, which will later be put on the average Americans table. Then, when rice farmers would go to the Lower Colorado River Authority to get water irrigated into their rice fields, there would either not be any water or only be enough for one of the two usual crops they plant every year. Even though it has been raining like crazy lately in Texas, those severe drops in lakes and rivers has not been renewed. Now, the big debate is, is there a thing as global warming? Depending on what side you are on you have a different perspective of how we can conserve water. Simple things you do everyday change the climate, which affects the amount of water we have, and the amount of ice bergs melting every day. Now wouldn’t it be nice to have soil and water a little bit longer? How to cite Soil and Water, Essay examples

Tariff Types free essay sample

The theory developed by Hecklers-Olin of comparative advantage was produced as an alternative to the Arcadian model. Hecklers-Olin and the Arcadian model both contained the same idea to eliminate the labor theory of value with the incorporation of the price mechanism into international trade theory. Although both Hecklers-Olin and the Arcadian model contained the same idea the theories are very much different. The Hecklers-Olin theory on international trade focuses on factors that conclude comparative advantage (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). With the Hecklers-Olin theory countries will specialize in goods that use the most abundant resources available. Hecklers-Olin theory considers different factors of production in assessing the effect of international trade on income distribution. Economist say that the Olin theory is comparatively modern than the other theory in relation to international trade (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). Arcadian theory on international trade focuses on the existence of comparative advancer as an assumption (Siegel, 2003).The Arcadian Theory states if every country produces commodities more than another entry then there is a need to specialize in production on a certain product that yields the lowest cost advantage (Siegel, 2003). We will write a custom essay sample on Tariff Types or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The country then can exchange the superior product for another that is not so superior for that country to produce. This being said the trade between each country should be beneficial for each country involved. There are three assumptions with in the Arcadian theory they include: only two countries in the world, only two commodities, and trade between the two nations are not restricted (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010).In relation to the effects on trade the Heckler Olin theory is a accurate statement. With a lack of trade it would turn out the rate of labor economically in the countries that have an abundance of labor. This would conclude that the distribution of income is more within the trading nations that have relatively a cheaper labor force (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). Trades would also affect relative advantage. This WOUld help countries easily export goods that have lower relative prices (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). At the end would affect the income distribution. For this trade does affect the income distribution. Limonite questioned the factual idea of the endowment model that was developed by the Hecklers-Olin theory. The Limonite paradox found that factors of production needed to be much more narrowly defined when testing the factor endowment theory (Applecart, Field, Cobber 2010). The Limonite paradox questioned whether the relative assortment of a country in labor or capital affects the factor endowment model (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). Limonite concluded that the US was exporting labor-intensive goods while importing capital-intensive goods.Limonite conclusion was completely contrary to the results that are obtained from the factor endowment theory (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). According to Staff Linden the two factors that influence international trade patterns are transportation costs and environmental regulations. Transportation costs can prevent the complete international equalization of the prices for traded goods. Thus, the price in the importing nation would exceed the exporting nation by the amount of the transport costs (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010).The products cannot be traded internationally or will be exceptionally costly to ship. Transportation costs simply reduce the volume of trade below what it would be without costs (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). For products involving natural resources, dispensation will be found near the resources or near the final markets. This will depend on whether the dispensation consists of weight-losing or weight- gaining in nature (Siegel, 2003). Specific tariff is an import duty that is assigns a fixed monetary value per unit of the dutiable item (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). For example a specific duty might be $50 per ton imported or 4 cents per pound. The total tax imposed on imports is leveled according to the number of units coming in to the importing country. One of the main advantages of the specific tariff is that it is easy to compute. A disadvantage to the specific tariff is that it protects value varies inversely with the price of the import (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). Ad valor tariff is becoming a poplar tariff to use these days. The ad valor tariff helps domestic producers to over come the loss of productive value (Applecart, Field, Cobber 2010). The ad valor tariff safeguards the protected value of 1 unit of the imported good (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). The down side to the ad valor tariff is that there are difficulties with this tariff. Inspectors have to make judgment calls on the monetary value of the imported good this can cause the good to be overvalue to counteract with the undervaluation or to increase the level of protection and the tariff revenue (Applecart, Field, Cob, 2010). Compound tariffs are a combination of ad valor and specific tariffs.